{"id":1590,"date":"2021-04-17T18:37:11","date_gmt":"2021-04-17T23:37:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590"},"modified":"2021-05-07T15:29:54","modified_gmt":"2021-05-07T20:29:54","slug":"in-punishing-russia-for-solarwinds-biden-upends-u-s-convention-on-cyber-espionage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590","title":{"rendered":"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"480\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 854 \/ 480;\" width=\"854\" autoplay controls poster=\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/BB1fKx7k.img_.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/U.S.-government-formally-blames-Russian-spies-for-SolarWinds-breach.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>WASHINGTON\u2014President Biden\u2019s decision this week to punish Russia for the SolarWinds hack broke with years of U.S. foreign policy that has tolerated cyber espionage as an acceptable form of 21st century spycraft, analysts and former officials said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In announcing a suite of punitive measures against Moscow, including financial sanctions and diplomatic expulsions, the White House made clear its actions were in response to \u201cthe full scope of Russia\u2019s harmful foreign activities.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The administration specifically highlighted what it said was Russia\u2019s yearslong meddling in U.S. elections. It also said U.S. intelligence had \u201chigh confidence\u201d that Russia\u2019s foreign intelligence service, the SVR, was behind last year\u2019s SolarWinds hack, which compromised at least nine federal agencies and about 100 private-sector organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The administration said both campaigns were unacceptable and demanding of a forceful response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The U.S. has punished Russia for election interference in the past, notably after its multipronged operations during the 2016 election. But previous administrations typically refrained from retaliating for cyber intrusions they classified as political espionage\u2014no matter how broad or successful\u2014in part because the U.S. and its allies regularly engage in similar conduct, current and former officials said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both the Obama and Trump administrations sought to forge international agreement that cyberattacks that stole intellectual property, damaged computer systems or interfered in elections were out of bounds\u2014while generally accepting espionage as fair play. In 2015, for example, after the U.S. learned the Chinese had ransacked the federal government\u2019s personnel files and made off with sensitive records on more than 20 million Americans, James Clapper, then the director of national intelligence in the Obama administration, paid begrudging respect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou have to kind of salute the Chinese for what they did,\u201d Mr. Clapper said at the time. \u201cIf we had the opportunity to do that, I don\u2019t think we\u2019d hesitate for a minute.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Western intelligence operations have also launched large cyber espionage operations against foreign private sectors, as the SolarWinds hack did, said Thomas Rid, an expert on Russian cyber operations and a professor at Johns Hopkins University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some U.S. officials advised the Biden administration not to justify sanctions specifically on the SolarWinds operation, as that move could open up the U.S. to foreign censure for its own activities, said people familiar with the situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe hard question therefore is this: How was SolarWinds different from high-end Five Eyes intelligence operations?\u201d asked Mr. Rid, referring to the name used for a cadre of Western intelligence powers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Administration officials deemed the SolarWinds hack beyond the boundaries of acceptable cyber operations because of its scope and scale. A senior administration official said Thursday the retaliation was additionally justified because the burden of repairing the damage largely fell on private companies and because Russia had shown in the past it can turn an espionage operation into something more destructive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe speed with which an actor can move from espionage to degrading or disrupting a network is at the blink of an eye, and a defender cannot move at that speed,\u201d the official said. \u201cAnd given the history of Russia\u2019s malicious activity in cyberspace and their reckless behavior in cyberspace, that was a key concern.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many Democrats, including Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer of New York, as well as Republicans praised the actions Mr. Biden took Thursday, and urged him to be even more forceful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Others, however, were less sanguine. Rep. Jim Langevin (D., R.I.), a leading cybersecurity voice in Congress who generally praised Mr. Biden\u2019s actions against Russia, said the sanctions slapped on the SVR for the SolarWinds hack needed more explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe SolarWinds incident that the administration today attributed to the SVR has had all the trappings of traditional espionage that, while unfortunate, has not historically been outside the bounds of responsible state behavior,\u201d Mr. Langevin said. Mr. Biden and Secretary of State Antony Blinken should \u201cexplain the contours of their new policy,\u201d Mr. Langevin said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chris Painter, a top cybersecurity official at the State Department during the Obama administration, said that the administration\u2019s argument was unpersuasive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMost intrusions can be used for destructive ends,\u201d Mr. Painter said. Even if the attack was purely espionage, though, the U.S. is still within its rights to react \u201cnot to enforce a global norm but to demonstrate displeasure,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In an analysis for the national security blog Lawfare, Bobby Chesney, a national security law professor at the University of Texas, said the Biden administration had not declared all cyber espionage is off limits. Rather, in announcing its response to Russia, the administration outlined a vague matrix of conditions that, if met, could elevate certain \u201cmalicious cyber activities\u201d to a level that warranted retaliation, he wrote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIs it clear that there is an answer to the question of what line SolarWinds crossed?\u201d Mr. Chesney asked. \u201cNot really.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p id=\"pvc_stats_1590\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"1590\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>WASHINGTON\u2014President Biden\u2019s decision this week to punish Russia for the SolarWinds hack broke with years of U.S. foreign policy that has tolerated cyber espionage as an acceptable form of 21st century spycraft, analysts and former <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590\" title=\"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage\">[read more]<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_1590\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"1590\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,8],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-1590","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-video","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-news","8":"category-tech","9":"post_format-post-format-video"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.11 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"WASHINGTON\u2014President Biden\u2019s decision this week to punish Russia for the SolarWinds hack broke with years of U.S. foreign policy that has tolerated cyber espionage as an acceptable form of 21st century spycraft, analysts and former [read more]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/webfxonline\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-17T23:37:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-05-07T20:29:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/BB1fKx7k.img_.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"553\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"369\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"webfxadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"webfxadmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"webfxadmin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b895cf119df5f037917aca0a8c00b3db\"},\"headline\":\"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-17T23:37:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-07T20:29:54+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590\"},\"wordCount\":823,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"News\",\"Tech\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590\",\"name\":\"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage -\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-17T23:37:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-07T20:29:54+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/\",\"name\":\"\",\"description\":\"Website &amp; Graphic Design Services\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"webfxonline\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/fx_icon-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/fx_icon-1.png\",\"width\":180,\"height\":184,\"caption\":\"webfxonline\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/webfxonline\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/webfxonline\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b895cf119df5f037917aca0a8c00b3db\",\"name\":\"webfxadmin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/63ce40becaaf51b192474cfbe3f194e33d8d254c0a6c9edf2e9acfd7afc92e23?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/63ce40becaaf51b192474cfbe3f194e33d8d254c0a6c9edf2e9acfd7afc92e23?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"webfxadmin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage -","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage -","og_description":"WASHINGTON\u2014President Biden\u2019s decision this week to punish Russia for the SolarWinds hack broke with years of U.S. foreign policy that has tolerated cyber espionage as an acceptable form of 21st century spycraft, analysts and former [read more]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/webfxonline","article_published_time":"2021-04-17T23:37:11+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-05-07T20:29:54+00:00","og_image":[{"width":553,"height":369,"url":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/BB1fKx7k.img_.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"webfxadmin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"webfxadmin","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590"},"author":{"name":"webfxadmin","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b895cf119df5f037917aca0a8c00b3db"},"headline":"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage","datePublished":"2021-04-17T23:37:11+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-07T20:29:54+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590"},"wordCount":823,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#organization"},"articleSection":["News","Tech"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590","url":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590","name":"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage -","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-04-17T23:37:11+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-07T20:29:54+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?p=1590#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"In Punishing Russia for SolarWinds, Biden Upends U.S. Convention on Cyber Espionage"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/","name":"","description":"Website &amp; Graphic Design Services","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#organization","name":"webfxonline","url":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/fx_icon-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/fx_icon-1.png","width":180,"height":184,"caption":"webfxonline"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/webfxonline","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/webfxonline"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b895cf119df5f037917aca0a8c00b3db","name":"webfxadmin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/63ce40becaaf51b192474cfbe3f194e33d8d254c0a6c9edf2e9acfd7afc92e23?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/63ce40becaaf51b192474cfbe3f194e33d8d254c0a6c9edf2e9acfd7afc92e23?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"webfxadmin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1590"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1608,"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1590\/revisions\/1608"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webfxonline.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}